☞It is a set of instructions(or command) to complete a specific task.
☞To write these instructions, we use a computer programming language.
☞Instructions written in 0s and 1s form, is known as Machine/Binary Language.
☞This is a language that a computer can understand.
☞Programs are written in user-friendly language.
☞It is easy to understand.
☞It converts the High-level language program(Source code) into low-level language(Machine language) in one go.
Source code → compiler → object code
☞It will store the object code and used for execution.
☞The high-level languages are classified into two types :
1. Procedure-Oriented 2. Object-Oriented
☞In Procedure-Oriented Programming, the stress is put on the functions or procedures(action to be taken) rather than data values.
☞Data values are not secured.
☞Data moves freely from function to function.
☞Example : C, BASIC, COBOL, FORTRAN, etc.
☞In Object-Oriented Programming, the stress is put on the data values rather than functions.
☞It allows the user to split the complete program into the number of segments called 'Objects'
☞Data values are secured.
☞Mishandling of data is protected.
☞Example : C++, Java, Python, etc.
☞The following are the principles of OOP :
1. Data Abstraction 2. Encapsulation 3. Inheritance 4. Polymorphism
☞It is defined as an act of representing the essential features without knowing the background details.
☞It is the wrapping of data and functions of an object as a unit that can be used together in a specific operation.
☞It is a way to achieve data hiding.
☞It is a property by virtue of which one class acquires some features from another class.
☞It promotes reusability.
☞The word "poly" means many and "morphs" means forms.
☞It is a concept by which we can perform a single action in different ways.